Motherboard Basics

(OBJ 3.5)

Motherboard - printed circuit board that contains principal components of a computer; provides connectors into which other circuit boards can be slotted or connected

  • Essentially computer’s central communication backbone and connectivity point; central hub of communication
  • Going to be used by all other parts and external peripherals to connect and transfer data back and forth between various components

PC (Personal Computer) main functions:

  • Input - process of accepting data in a form of something the CPU can use (ex. Bluetooth mouse or keyboard)
  • Processing - occurs when CPU receives info and takes action on the information; everything in a computer requires processing
  • Storage - process of saving or retaining digital data either temporarily or permanently
    • Temporary storage - storing of data in cache memory inside of RAM or CPU
      • aka non-persistent storage, or volatile storage; data will be lost anytime CPU is powered off
    • Permanent storage - HDDs, SSDs, USB Flash Drives, Tape Backup Drives, floppy disk drives
      • Persistent storage devices are permanent because data is preserved when the CPU is powered off
  • Output - process of showing user the processed data or info in a form that users can use (ex. displaying visually on screen or audibly through speakers)

Motherboard speed - measures in MHz or GHz, measured by a multiplication factor of the main bus speed of given motherboard

  • When dealing with more volatile storage devices, like CPU cache memory or system RAM, operating speeds typically measured in GHz because volatile storage devices tend to be very fast
  • Non-volatile storage devices or permanent device data transfers will be much slower, usually in MHz